Are all dogs trainable?

Monday May 25th, 2009

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Question:

How much of a dog's behavior can be changed by training?

Answer:

That depends on the dog, the breed or type, and what you want to change.

Some behaviors are deeply rooted in genetics and are building blocks of a dog's personality. Other behaviors are products of genetic selection or breeder's preference. Finally, there is how you socialize and train your dog.

Behaviors are Related to a Dog's Breed

All dogs have individual personalities that make them unique, but there are also traits that are genetic in origin. These are referred to as breeds (Akita, Poodle, Schnauzer) and classifications (Hound, Working, Herding).

There are exceptions to all, but in general a breed's history can tell you a lot about a dog's personality. Additionally, a breeder's profile can also tell you about what personality traits they find desirable.

Below is a very general outline of some common classifications and an overview of their history and behavioral traits.

Terriers are often small, but VERY ENERGETIC! They were bred to patrol and hunt for vermin--a never-ending job. Without enough exercise and "hunting" activities, they often frustrate owners with undesired digging or barking.

Herding dogs are mostly small to medium in size, and clever! They need lots of mental and physical exercise such as dog sports like flyball or agility to keep their problem-solving brains active and happy. They do poorly, even in large spaces, if there is little to do, or if the activities are repetitious (barking at dogs on the other side of the window/fence).

Breeds with guarding backgrounds can be great with family members, but they have a genetic propensity to be wary of strangers. They need extra socialization in order to be friendly with all people. Even the best socialization efforts may result in dogs that are wary of new people or overly protective of "their" spaces.

Retrievers like Labradors and Goldens are popular, but with that popularity comes tremendous variety and you need to really look hard at the personality and not the package wrapping. Labs are a good example. Field labs are intense and need jobs. English Labs are smaller, more compact and mellower than their US counterparts. Many labs in the US fall somewhere in between these two versions, depending on the breeder's preference for personality or which "look" is popular with their clients.

Lap dogs and Toy breeds are often small and cute and experience waves of popularity. These adorable pocket-sized dogs tend to be hit hardest by behavior problems associated by puppy mill breeding and impulse purchases. And, serious behavior issues (like housetraining) may go untreated because of small, unnoticed problems or because the behavior seemed "silly" at first. A five-pound biting dog may seem like a joke, but even small dogs can do damage to a face or small child.

All dogs are unique and can learn new things, but some behaviors are genetic and harder to alter.

Ultimately, a dog's behavior is the result of many factors, including breeding, socialization, training and individual motivation.

I often hear comments like, "You get what you put into a dog." The implication being that bad dogs are created by bad people, and that good people will have good dogs. This is unfair.

A dog's personality and behavior is a random combination of various traits from various pools of information. If your dog is behaving badly, don't worry about why or where it came from, just look for a solution.

Kelley Filson, CTC, CPDT is a Certified Dog Trainer and has a degree in Animal Sciences from the University of Vermont. Kelley has been working professionally with dogs since 1990 and has been teaching people about animals for over 15 years.

Read more about Kelley Filson, CTC, CPDT in the DogTime expert center...
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Anonymous User

I have 2 good examples of the broad spectrum that encompasses "trainability". Both of my current dogs are shelter rescues and older dogs. Roscoe is an owner surrender, 6 year-old Boxer-Pit Bull X. He has a chronic skin infection (yeast) which was the stated reason for surrender. Probably due to all of the bathing, ear handling, and topical applications that attend this condition, he is very sensitive to touch from anyone, to the point of attempting to bite when ears are cleaned, or his poor, sore feet are handled. Otherwise he is a delight and adores children. After months of working with him, he will come when called, sit, stay, etc, UNLESS he thinks he is going to receive treatment. His sensitivity has been reduced by having the vet perform all treatment for a month, but he is never going to be completely at ease with this. This is a matter of reversing already learned behavior, which is made more difficult by his age and breed. I'm happy to say that we can get the job done now with much less drama, and he is worth the extra effort in the energy and love he pours from his heart. Tyler is a 10+ year-old English Pointer, a shelter stray who was going to be put down immediately as unadoptable due to age, He is the happiest, funniest dog I have ever known, just dancing with the joy of life. The breed is high strung and he is afraid of loud noises and storms. After trial and error I've found that he wants to crawl under the blankies and snuggle when worried and a sedative helps with storms if given soon enough. His favorite passtime is running, also breed specific, so he goes to the barn with me nearly every day for at least an hour of non-stop, full-out tearing around. He will go into hunting mode with scents and visuals, and he comes back periodically to be sure I'm still around, but during this time he is not easily distracted, despite a lot of effort put into teaching him to come when called. He is also obsessed with lights, birds, squirrels, etc and will stand, completely focussed, for long periods of time - also a breed attribute. These traits could possibly have been modified to more obedience early on, but they are so ingrained at his current age that changing them has proven more detrimental to his mental health than necessary. And he is a very well-mannered, extremely loving, quiet, velcro dog, who plays an ecstatic game of ball or disk in his big fenced yard then comes in to snggle into his chair. I guess my point is that dogs are people, too, and while basic manners are a must, they should be allowed the diversity of their idiosyncrisies and genetic traits, just as we allow them in people. Do your homework and plan to spend time and effort creating a sociable dog, but don't expect to be able to create that perfect vision of what every dog should be. If you don't want the work or variation (boy am I going to hear about this), get a cat.

over 1 year ago by Anonymous

Anonymous User

I THINK WHEN SOMEONE WANTS TO GET A DOG, PUPPY, ETC. IT SHOULD BE LIKE GETTING A BANK LOAN...ONE IS DEALING WITH THE FUTURE OF A PET(HOPEFULLY!!!!!) AND YET, IT IS SO MUCH HARDER TO GET A BANK LOAN THAN IT IS TO PURCHASE A PET..."OUR SOCIETY SUCKS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

almost 3 years ago by Anonymous

Anonymous User

"If your dog is behaving badly, don't worry about why or where it came from, just look for a solution." This is the best ending to the story. In answer to the question, "How much of a dog's behavior can be changed by training?" As bc44 comments, I too believe that you need to work with the dog (or any other species) in a way that it can learn. I believe as you have written about the particular breeds, people first must understand this before they choose a breed or dog just because they want one or "it's so cute." I become very upset for example, when I see people who have the smaller breeds used as "fashion accessories", don't have a clue about behavior, discipline, training, boundaries, etc., and then wonder why this at first cute little doggie is now a terrible, little, biting and snarling fur ball with no manners. I also agree with bc44 comments on people who get a dog and expect the puppy to automatically know how to behave. I don't know how to reach these people either... We are all trying, but it is very saddening to see and feel the pain of these poor creatures because of the of the lack of knowledge or the downright cruelty of certain individuals who do not even share a moment of guilt in causing the animal's misery. Yes, that is why so many are brought to shelters... and I know, too, that some folks bring in their own dog and say they have found it as a stray... shame on them. If people truly believe they want to share their life with a dog, they must first ask themselves if they really have an understanding of what's it all about in terms of caring, training, and nurturing a young pup through adult dog. Tied to a Tree is No Place to Be.... Peace

almost 3 years ago by Anonymous

Anonymous User

Thank you gloria. I am aware of all that you are speaking of. Although I am not a dog specific trainer, I have indeed worked in training many different species of animals from elephants to killer whales. I am quite familar with positive training and would never consider any other method under any given circumstance. Aversive methods offend me completely and in no way will I be associated with it. After years working elephants in such an enviornment I am completely soured and the extremes that I at times go to in order to get the point across to anyone practicing these methods is, more often than not, totally unpleasant for the person who is doing it. As for the educating of the general public, well, when you think about the type of people I am talking about trying to reach, you will understand how it is not that easy to educate them. A lot of this group of people see a sign or an ad in the papers reading "free puppies". Since it is going to be "jimmy's birthday" in a few days, a puppy would be a "great idea". Now,I have to ask, how many people offering free puppies are going to offer these people any information on the commitment and responsibility of taking on a puppy? Usually, Jimmy is entertained for a little while but gets tired of having to feed and water "his" puppy. Playing on the xbox is much more fun and besides, the area the puppy is in has poop all around it because the puppy is on a rope, tied to a tree, where often, the rope hits the water bowl and knocks it over and is left empty for a few days or so because mom and dad are sure that Jimmy is taking care of it all. Eventually, no one wants to go out to where the pup is because he jumps all over them and barks at everything he sees. He stinks and is full of fleas. Then comes the time to say enough of the dog. They go to put the once puppy, into their car to take him to a shelter but notice that the rope wont come off because it is embedded about 2 inches into the dog's neck. "uh oh", They cant take the dog to a shelter in that condition. They will have to wait until it gets dark so that they can find a fairly unpopulated road to leave him on. And the rest is history. Unfortunantly, history, in this case, has proven to repeat itself over and over. Of course people need to be educated. But in a lot of cases, in the area I live in anyway, they are not educated and the people in this area, for whatever reason, most often times, rather enjoy willfull ingorance. They simply seem to be perfectly happy with their habits and ways, regardless of what is REALLY going on, and what the facts REALLY are. I live in an area where people in general are just not very animal and/or pet friendly. To them, "They are just animals." And it certainly is not the entire population around me but it is a large enough number of the population to make an impact. This is the reason for my desire to not only educate, but to first reach them. I cannot educate, if people remain out of my reach. If anyone has suggestions on how reach this type of person, please, I beg you, offer them. In 5 months there have been six dogs that have just shown up at our facility. One was so emaciated that she was near death and 3 of these dogs are pure bred dogs. A boxer, estimated at 3yrs of age,a Brittny Spaniel about 2yrs, and a pug, about 4 years. The others were all under a year of age. It is just too much for me to take anymore. If I do not try to do something I will feel like I too am remaining wilfully ignorant. Please, Suggestions! Thanks, Kim

almost 3 years ago by Anonymous

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